LED Full Form: What is LED?

LED Full Form: What is LED?: What is the full form of an LED?, and What is the use of LED? Do you know that? If you don’t know the answer, you will get answers to all such questions in this post.

LED Full Form

The full form of LED is Light Emitting Diode. LED is a semiconductor device in which light is generated by passing electricity. In simple words, LED is a PN-junction diode that emits light when an electric current passes through it in a forward direction. In LED, the charge carriers recombine. Electrons from the N-side and holes from the P-side are combined and give energy in the form of heat and light. LED is made of semiconductor material that is colorless, and light is radiated through the junction of diodes.

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LEDs are used extensively in segment and dot matrix displays of numeric and alphanumeric characters. Decimal point to make a single LED Multiple LEDs are used to make a single LED segment.

LED is the very latest invention and it is being used the most today. This light bulb is used in a very wide range of applications, from your mobile phone to large advertising display boards. You can watch it anywhere. Today its popularity and applications are increasing day by day because it has some very good properties. Especially LEDs are very small and with this, they use very little energy.

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The bright light produced when an LED is lit is monochromatic and is of a single wavelength. The output range of an LED is red at a Wavelength of approximately 700 nanometers (7e-7) to blue-violet is about 400 nanometers. Some LEDs emit Infrared Energy (IR) which is also known as IRED Infrared-Emitting Diode.

History of LED

LED was first discovered in 1907 by British Inventor H. J. Round in his Marconi Labs. He had discovered Electroluminesis Incidentally. The first red LED was in 1962 by Nick Holonyak and Jr. Invented by him while working at General Electric.

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M. George Craford, a former graduate student of Holonyak, invented the first Yellow Led in 1972. T. P. Pearsall had manufactured High-Brightness and High-Efficiency Led for Optical Fiber Telecommunications in 1976.

How does LED work?

When a suitable electrical voltage is applied to the lead, the electrons reconnect with the electrons’ holes and release energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence. The color of the LED’s light is determined by the energy bandgap of the semiconductor.

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LED proves to be a revolutionary product in the field of light sources. Its lamps are very energy efficient, economical, and long-lasting (For many years). Compared to traditional light bulbs and fluorescent light sources, it is about 80% energy efficient.

Advantages of LED

Following are the major advantages of LED in electronics display –

1. LEDs are small in size, and they can be stacked together to form numeric and alphanumeric displays in a high-density matrix.
2. The intensity of the light output of an LED depends on the current flowing through it. Their light intensity can be controlled smoothly.
3. LEDs are available which emit light in different colors like red, yellow, green, and amber.
4. The on and off time or switching time of LED is less than 1 nanosecond. Because of this, LEDs are used for dynamic operation.
5. LEDs are very economical and offer a high degree of reliability as they are manufactured with the same technology as transistors.
6. The LED operates in a wide range of 0° – 70° temperature. Also, it is very durable and can withstand shocks and changes.
7. LEDs have high efficiency, but they require moderate power for operation. Typically, a voltage of 1.2V and a current of 20mA are required for full brightness. Hence it is used in a place where less power is available.

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